Moving image signal coding apparatus and coded signal decoding apparatus

ABSTRACT

A coding apparatus which codes moving image signals into block units, is configured from a signal processing element which performs motion compensation for moving image signals for over a plural number of frames or fields and codes inter-image signals, and a transfer element which recombines coded information for each block coded by said processing element, into macroblock units which are a plural number of block units of each type of coded information, and transfers them. In addition, a decoding apparatus for moving image signals which have been coded in block units is configured from a detector element which detects transfer code errors for each type of coded information, and a processing element which performs motion compensation and inter-image processing of the coded information using only correct frames which do not include transfer code errors, and without using frames which have transfer code errors, by changing a method of inter-frame processing for motion compensation in accordance with the transfer coding errors in the coded information which has been detected for each type.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/324,481, filed Oct.18, 1994 which was abandoned upon the filing hereof, and which, in turn,is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/972,564, filed Nov. 6, 1992now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to high-efficiency coding and decodingapparatus which are used in recording, transfer and display apparatuswhich perform digital signal processing, and which perform efficientcoding and decoding, and in particular, to coding and decoding apparatuswhich perform inter-image processing of moving image signals have smalldeterioration of image quality even when there are transmission errors.

High-efficiency coding of moving image signals (moving images) caninvolve interframe predictive coding which uses the correlation betweenframes of image signals and uses a frame for which coding has beenperformed, to predict and code only the prediction error. In recentyears, motion compensation predictive coding has become the generalmethod used for prediction in accordance with motion of an image.

On the other hand, in coding in which a storage media is the object,intraframe independent coding is performed without interframe predictionfor each of several frames and this enables random access and high-speedsearch.

In addition, there is also known a method such as MPEG (ISO-IEC) whichuses skip prediction and pre- and post-prediction between skippredictions to raise the coding efficiency. With the MPEG method,differences in the method of prediction mean that a frame can be an I(intra) frame coded independently within a frame, a P (Prediction) framewhich is skip predicted, or a B (Bi-directional) frame which is pre- andpost-predicted.

The following is a description of a detailed configuration of aconventional coding apparatus.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a coding apparatus ofthe MPEG type. Here, the frame types of I, P and B cause the changeoverswitch 2, 4, 22 to be controlled by sync signals separated from inputsignals, and to be switched to the positions shown in the figure.

Image signals input from an image input terminal 1 are directly led to apredictive, subtracter 5 via the changeover switches 2 and 4 in the caseof I or P frames, while B frames are led to the predictive subtracter 5after having been delayed until there is pre- and post-I and P in aframe memory 3. In the predictive subtracter 5, prediction signalsarriving from an adaptive predictor 42 are subtracted from input signalsand a prediction residual signal is output to become coded datacompressed by coding in an intraframe encoder 6.

In the intraframe encoder 6, DCT (discrete cosine transform) is firstpreformed, and that conversion output is quantized, and given a variablelength coding such as Huffman coding or the like. That compressed DCTinformation is applied to a multiplexer 40 and in the case of I and Pframes, is led to an intraframe decoder 21 via the changeover switch 22.

The intraframe decoder 21 first decodes the variable length coding, andreplaces the fixed-length codes with quantized representative values,and also performs reverse DCT to obtain the reproduced signals. In theintraframe decoder 21, the reproduced prediction error signals have theprediction signals added in a residual adder 20 to produce thereproduced image signals. The reproduced image signals are stored in aframe memory 19 while the signal that have been stored in the framememory 19 until that time are transferred to a frame memory 18.

The output of the frame memory 19 is given to a motion compensator 15and a motion vector detector 17, and the output of the frame memory 18is given to a motion compensator 14 and the motion vector detector 16.

For each block of 16×16 picture elements, the motion vector estimators16 and 17 detect the motion vectors between the input signals and thesignals given to the frame memories 18 and 19. The motion vectorinformation is given to the motion compensators 14 and 15 and also to amultiplexer 40. The motion compensators 14 and 15 spatially movereproduced image signals stored in the frame memories 18 and 19 by themotion vector portion given from the motion vector detector, and appliesthem to an adaptive predictor 42.

For the same block as the motion vector detection, the adaptivepredictor 42 creates four types of prediction signals from the twosignals (F and B) which have been motion compensated, and of those, theoptimum prediction signals is decided from matching with the inputsignals which become the signals to be predicted.

The prediction mode used here is one of the four types of only the "F"(Front: prediction signals from the frame temporally prior) mode, onlythe "B" (Back: prediction signals from the frame temporarily later)mode, the "(F+B)/2" mode or the "0" mode, with the "0" mode beingintraframe independent coding. The prediction mode is only the "0" modefor I-frames, the "F" and "0" modes for P-frames, or any of the fourmodes for B-frames.

The multiplexer 40 recombines the DCT information which is the output ofthe intraframe encoder 6, the prediction mode information (MODE) whichis the output of the adaptive predictor 42, the motion vectorinformation (MVF and MVB) which is the output of the motion vectordetector 16, for each block (macroblock: MB) for which the motion vectorand the prediction mode have been determined, and outputs them via adata output terminal 12, to the side of a decoding apparatus. FIG. 6Ashows the configuration of the data. Here, there is no transfer of themotion vector information not used in the prediction.

The following is a description of a conventional decoding apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the configuration of a decoding apparatus.Those portions which correspond to portions of the coding apparatus ofFIG. 1 are shown with corresponding numerals. The coded data which isinput from a data input terminal 30 is disassembled into eachinformation by a demultiplexer 41 and the DCT information is applied tothe intraframe decoder 21, the prediction mode information is applied toan adaptive predictor 43, and the motion vector information is appliedto the motion compensators 14 and 15.

The DCT information is decoded by the intraframe decoder 21, andprediction signals are added at the residual adder 20 to create thereproduced image signals.

In the case of B-frames, reproduced image signals are immediatelyoutputted from a reproduced image signal output terminal 36 viachangeover switches 34 and 35, while I- and P-frames are stored in theframe memory 19. The signals which have been stored in the frame memory19 up till that time are moved to the frame memory 18 and are outputtedfrom the reproduced image signal output terminal 36 via the changeoverswitch 35.

The output of the frame memory 19 is applied to the motion compensator15 while the output of the frame memory 18 is applied to the motioncompensator 14. The motion compensators 14 and 15 spatially move thereproduction image signals stored in the frame memory, by the motionvector portion given from the demultiplexer 41, and applies them to theadaptive predictor 43. The adaptive predictor 43 makes the predictionsignals from the prediction mode information given from thedemultiplexer 41 and outputs it to the residual adder 20.

Here, the inter-image processing units are frames but the description isthe same if they are fields of interlace signals.

When there is a coding error between the coding apparatus and itsdecoding apparatus during transfer or recording, normal demodulationdoes not occur and there is a deterioration in the image quality. Codingerrors result in cell loss in ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) circuitswhen they occur in normal circuits and recording media, and this loss incell units becomes a "dropout".

In this case, even for the case of the coding apparatus and the decodingapparatus shown as the conventional example, there is normally detectionto the effect that a coding error has occurred and so with predictionresidual errors, the prediction residue is not added and the reproducedimage signals are the prediction signals only, to result in there beingno particularly large deterioration. However, there is absolutely nodecoding of a block if there is "dropout" of the motion vector, adjacentblocks and the like are used for interpolation within the same frame andthere is no image deterioration as a result.

On the other hand, with a coding method which periodically hasindependent frames, the deterioration stops with the independent framesand so this method appears advantageous at first. However, coding errorsin independent frames can only be compensated for spatially and so therethe deterioration becomes large, and the image is influenced later.Furthermore, the amount of data for independent frames is larger thanthat for prediction frames and so when there are ten independent framesat once, the amount of data is about 40% of the overall amount of data,and the influence of coding errors becomes serious.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems described above, the object of thepresent invention is to provide a moving image coding apparatus anddecoding apparatus which always makes a plural number of frames used ininterimage processing and transfers information for the motioncompensation and inter-image processing method, which detects errors bythe decoding apparatus and switches to another frame without the use ofa frame which had an error in the inter-image processing for each block,and which has no large image deterioration even if there is a codingerror in the transfer path.

In order to attain this objective, as shown in FIG. 3, the presentinvention is a moving image coding apparatus which codes moving imagesignals in block units, and is a moving image coding apparatus which hasmeans (a predictive subtractor 5, an adaptive predictor 13, and thelike) for motion compensation inter-image processing between a pluralnumber of frames (or fields) and means (memory 7, 8, 9 and 10 andselector 11) for combining coded information for each block and whichhas been coded by the processing means, for each type of codedinformation, into a plural number of block units (a plural number ofmacroblock units) and for then transferring it.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4 for example, the present invention is amoving image decoding apparatus which comprises a decoding apparatus formoving image signals which have been coded in block units, and has means(error detector 38) for detecting transfer coding errors for each typeof coded information, and means (adaptive predictor 38, variable adder33, and the like) for performing motion compensation inter-imageprocessing by changing the method of motion compensation inter-imageprocessing for each block in accordance with errors in each type ofcoded information which have been detected, and which either does notuse decoded signals of frames (or fields) having coding errors andlimits use to only decoded signals of correct frames (or fields), orsubstitute them with decoded signals of other frames (or fields).

A decoding apparatus always makes a plural number of frames for use inthe inter-image processing and recombines the information for thatmotion compensation and inter-image processing method for each type ofinformation and so it is possible to lower the probability that a pluralnumber of pieces of information of the same block will not be used evenif error detection is performed in code units of a certain quantity.

In the decoding apparatus, there is the detection of transfer codingerrors for each type of coded information and there is switching toanother frame instead of using signals of frames having errors in theinformation for inter-image processing for each block. There istherefore very little image deterioration.

In the moving image coding apparatus and decoding apparatus of thepresent invention, the number of frames used for inter-image processingis always made a plural number, and the information for the motioncompensation and inter-image processing method is recombined into eachtype of information and transferred, with errors for each type ofinformation being detected and with inter-image processing for eachblock being switched to another frame without the use of signals offrames having errors in the information, thereby lowering theprobability that a plural number of pieces of information in the sameblock will not be used even if error detection is performed in codeunits of a certain amount, and thereby enabling there to be littledeterioration of the image quality.

By this, it is possible to not have a large amount of deterioration inthe image quality even if there is a large number of errors in thetransfer path. Accordingly, coding errors are permissible and it is notnecessary to have a large amount of correction coding in the transfercoding, with the result that the amount of data can be reduced.

As has been described above, a moving image coding apparatus anddecoding apparatus of the present invention has advantageous effects inits practical application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the appended figures:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline configuration of aconventional moving image signal coding apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline configuration of aconventional moving image signal decoding apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram shown an outline configuration of a movingimage signal coding apparatus according to a first embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline configuration of a movingimage signal decoding apparatus according to a first embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline configuration of a movingimage signal decoding apparatus according to a second embodiment of thepresent invention; and

FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing the data configurations in aconventional coding/decoding apparatus and the coding/decoding apparatusaccording to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments ofthe moving image coding apparatus and decoding apparatus of the presentinvention, with reference to the appended drawings.

First is a description of the coding apparatus of a first embodiment ofthe present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an outline configuration of a movingimage signal coding apparatus according to the first embodiment of thepresent invention. Those portions which correspond to portions of thecoding apparatus of FIG. 1 are shown with corresponding numerals.

In FIG. 3, the coding processing is fundamentally the same, with theoperation of the changeover switches 2, 4 and 22, the predictivesubtracter 5, the intraframe encoder 6, the intraframe decoder 21, theframe memories 18 and 19, the motion compensators 14 and 15, and themotion vector detectors 16 and 17 being the same (as shown by the dotsand the like where there is coding in block units).

This coding apparatus differs from the conventional transfer method(FIG. 2) for each of the information of the DCT information which is theoutput of the intraframe encoder 6, the prediction mode information(MODE) which is the output of the adaptive predictor 42, and the motionvector information (MVF and MVB) which is the output of the motionvector estimators 16 and 17. More specifically, memories 7, 8, 9 and 10and the selector 11 are configured so that each of the types ofinformation is recombined in the memories and then transferred.

The DCT information which is the output of the intraframe encoder 6, theprediction mode information (MODE) which is the output of an adaptivepredictor 13, and the motion vector information (MVF and MVB) which isthe output of the motion vector estimators 16 and 17 are allrespectively stored once in the memories 7, 8, 19 and 10. Then, at thetime when from 30-300 macroblocks have been stored, there is output viathe sequential data output 12 selected by the selector 11 and in theformat shown in FIG. 6B. The size of the plural number of block units(macroblocks) for each type of the recombined coded information issufficiently larger than the blocks for error detection, and can be setto a size smaller than the number of blocks of one frame. In thisembodiment, dropout in cell units in an ATM circuit is for severalmacroblocks and the number of blocks of one frame is about 1350macroblocks and so the size is set to 30-300 macroblocks as describedabove.

In addition, the adaptive predictor 13 is conventionally used only forthe one frame (F-frames) for P frames but in the present embodiment, theconfiguration enables its use for a plural number of frames (F- andB-frames). Moreover, a motion vector is sent without the use of thepredictive mode because of error correspondence in a decoder apparatus.

The following is a description of a decoder apparatus of the firstembodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline configuration of a movingimage signal decoding apparatus according to the first embodiment of thepresent invention. Those portions which correspond to portions of thecoding apparatus of FIGS. 2 and 3 are shown by the same numerals. InFIG. 4, the decoding processing is fundamentally the same as thatconventional example shown in FIG. 2, and the operation of thechangeover switches 34 and 35, the intraframe decoder 21, the framememories 18 and 19 and the motion compensators 14 and 15 are the same.

The differences with the conventional example (FIG. 2) is that there arethe memories 7, 8, 9 and 10, the selector 31, an error detector 38 and avariable adder 33 which changes the gain of the signals from thepredictor and the intraframe decoding signals, with there being adifferent method of handling of each piece of information and differentoperation for an adaptive predictor 37 and the variable adder 33.

More specifically, the coded data signals are transferred by the codingdevice and via the data input terminal 30 and arrive at the selector 31where they are separated into multiplexer DCT information, predictionmode information and motion vector information which are respectivelystored in the memories 7, 8, 9 and 10.

Then, the DCT information which is stored in the memory 7 is applied tothe intraframe decoder 21, the prediction mode information which isstored in the memory 8 is applied to the adaptive predictor 37, and themotion vector information which is stored in the memories 9 and 10 isapplied to the motion compensators 14 and 15.

On the other hand, the error detector 38 decodes the error detectioncode of the transmission path coding generated by the coding device, andjudges the cell loss information for the ATM circuit to decide if thereis an error in what type of information for the macroblock. The type oferror changes the prediction mode according to the rules shown in Table1.

In Table 1, C is a current decoding signal which is the output of theintraframe decoder. When there is dropout of mode information, the frameis which of B or F is temporally closer to C.

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                        Dropout Information                                                                           Image Used                                                    ______________________________________                                        DCT             F, B                                                          mode            C, B or F                                                     MVF             C, B                                                          MVB             C, F                                                          ______________________________________                                    

When, as shown in Table 1 which is the error correspondence table, aplural number of images are used when a frame of information has noerrors, and an error portion is discarded to use only a correct portionwhen any frame of information has errors. When there are errors in allof the frames which would have been used, there is also the use offrames which would not have been used. In other words, when an error isobtained in the motion vector MV of frame F even though only the frame Fis used in the prediction mode, the intra-image prediction is performedby using the motion vector MV of the frame B which was not originallyused. Conversely, under the condition where only the frame B is used inthe prediction mode, when the error is obtained in the frame B, themotion vector of the frame F is used despite that the frame F was notoriginally used. In the present invention, both motion vectors of theframes B and F are transmitted together.

The operation of the variable adder 33 is the same as the residual adder20 for the conventional example, and when there is dropout of the DCTinformation, the output of the intraframe decoder 21 is made zero, andthe output of the adaptive predictor 37 is output as it is.

In this manner, according to this moving image coding apparatus anddecoding apparatus, the number of frames used for inter-image processingis always made a plural number, and the information for the motioncompensation and inter-image processing method is recombined into eachtype of information and transferred, with errors for each type ofinformation being detected and with inter-image processing for eachblock having switching to another frame without the use of signals offrames having errors in the information, thereby lowering theprobability that a plural number of pieces of information in the sameblock will not be used even if error detection is performed in codingunits of a certain amount, and thereby enabling there to be littledeterioration of the image quality.

The following is a description of a decoding apparatus of a secondembodiment.

The second embodiment of the present invention is applicable to theapparatus "High-efficiency Coding Apparatus and Decoding Apparatus,"disclosed in U.S. Ser. No. 07/873,949 filed on Apr. 24, 1992, theinventor of which is the inventor of the invention of the presentapplication.

This embodiment has an improved coding efficiency while at the same timemaintaining frame independence, and therefore even uses the inter-framecorrelation for I-frames, and performs inter-frame image addition at thedecoding apparatus, so that the coding method basically enables theimage quality to be maintained even if the quantization is rough.

The difference with the first embodiment is the decoding apparatus, theconfiguration of which is shown in FIG. 5. The input data is coded bythe coding apparatus shown in FIG. 3. The difference between thedecoding apparatus of FIG. 5 and that of FIG. 4 is that there is amatching decider 32 which decides the matching of two images. Morespecifically, the configuration is such that the output of theintraframe decoder 21 and the output of the reproduced image signaloutput terminal 36 are both led to the matching decider 32 and thevariable adder 33.

In addition, the operation differs from the operation of the firstembodiment in that the P- and B-frames are the same for only theI-frames. In the I-frames, the matching decider 32 checks the matchingof the two images, and gives that much information to the variable adder33. In the variable adder 33, the prediction signal from the adaptivepredictor 37 is increased when there is good matching, while the currentframe signal from the intraframe decoder 21 is increased when there ispoor matching, and adding is then performed. Here, the sum of the gainsof the respective signals is "1".

When there is an error in the signal from the intraframe decoder, theoutput of the intraframe decoder 21 is forcedly made "0" and only theoutput of the adaptive predictor 37 is used as the reproduced signals.

By this, it is possible to compensate for coding errors which haveoccurred in independent frames.

Moreover, I-frame quantization error compensation can use a codingapparatus in which the second embodiment of the present invention hasbeen applied.

What is claimed is:
 1. A coding apparatus for coding moving imagesignals into block units, comprising:image processing means forperforming motion compensation between a plural number offrames.Iadd./fields per .Iaddend..[.in each.]. block of a plurality ofblocks which constitute one .[.image screen.]..Iadd.frame/field.Iaddend., thereby outputting motion vector data,inter-image processing data indicative of what inter-image processing isperformed, and image data, respectively; a plurality of data memorymeans for storing multiple types of said motion vector data, saidinter-image processing data, and said image data; and transfer means fortime division multiplexing said multiple types of said motion vectordata, said inter-image processing data, and said image data, such thatsaid multiple types of said motion vector data for a group of blocks aretime multiplexed together in one time division, the inter-imageprocessing data for said group of blocks is time multiplexed together inanother time division, and said image data for said group of blocks istime multiplexed to a further time division, and thereby transferringthe multiplexed data.
 2. The coding apparatus of claim 1, wherein:saidimage processing means comprises: a first changeover switch whichswitches signals of a bidirection (B) frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.predicted for front and back of image signals supplied via thefirst changeover switch and an image signal input terminal, and bothsignals of a skip-predicted prediction (P) frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.and an independently-coded intra- (I)frame/.Iadd.field.Iaddend.; a first frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memorywhich stores signals of said B-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.so as to delaythem until the end of coding of signals of both said I-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.and P-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.; a second changeover switchwhich switches B-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.signals from said firstframe.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory and said I- and P-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.signals switched by said first changeover switch; first andsecond motion vector estimators which estimate motion vectors of signalsof both said I-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.and saidP-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.; an adaptive predictor which receivessignals of frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.switched by said secondchangeover switch; a residual subtracter which calculates a remainder ofsignals of frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.switched by said secondchangeover switch, and prediction mode of output information output fromsaid adaptive predictor; an intra-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.coder whichcodes signals output from said residual subtracter; a third changeoverswitch which switches coded signals from said intra-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.coder on the basis of B-frames.Iadd./fields.Iaddend., andI-frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.and P-frames.Iadd./fields.Iaddend.; anintra-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.decoder which decodes coded signals ofeach frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.and from said third changeover switch; aresidual adder which adds signals from said intra-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.decoder and said adaptive predictor; a second frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.memory which stores one of I-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.andP-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.signals from said adder so as to delaythem; a third frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory which stores another ofI-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.and P-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.signalswhich have passed through said second frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory;said first motion vector estimator which estimates a motion vector ofmoving image signals for one of I-frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.andP-frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.said motion vector being supplied viasaid first changeover switch; said second motion vector estimator whichestimates .[.an other.]. .Iadd.another .Iaddend.motion vector of movingimage signals for another of I-frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.andP-frames.Iadd./fields.Iaddend., said other motion vector being suppliedvia said first changeover switch; a first motion compensator whichperforms motion compensation of moving image signals ofF-frames.Iadd./fields.Iaddend., by an output of said thirdframe.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory and an output of said first motionvector estimator; and a second motion compensator which performs motioncompensation of moving image signals of B-frames.Iadd./fields.Iaddend.,by an output of said second frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory and anoutput of said second motion vector estimator; and wherein said adaptivepredictor uses both reproduced image signals which have been moved by amotion vector portion of F-frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.andB-frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.supplied from said first and secondmotion compensators and moving image signals supplied via said secondchangeover switch, as the basis for creating a plural number ofprediction signals from a plural number of signals which have beenmotion compensation by the same clock and for which motion vectordetection has been performed, and outputs an optimum prediction signalwithin said plural number of prediction signals as prediction modesignals to said residual subtracter, said residual adder and saidtransfer means.
 3. The coding apparatus according to claim 2, whereinsaid plurality of data memory means comprises;a first memory whichstores coded signals output from said intra-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.coder of said processing means; a second memory which storesprediction mode signals output from said adaptive predictor; a thirdmemory which stores first motion vector signals output from said firstmotion vector estimator; and a fourth memory which stores second motionvector signals output from said second motion vector estimator; andwherein said transfer means comprises a coder which successively selectsand outputs signals stored in said first through fourth memories inresponse to a required number of block pulses.
 4. The coding apparatusaccording to claim 1, wherein said plurality of data memory meanscomprises:a first memory which stores coded signals output from saidimage processing means; a second memory which stores prediction modesignals output from said image processing means; a third memory whichstores the first motion vector signals output from said image processingmeans; and a fourth memory which stores second motion vector signalsoutput from said image processing means; and wherein said transfer meanscomprises a selector which successively selects and outputs signalsstored in said first through fourth memories in response to a requirednumber of clock pulses.
 5. A decoding apparatus for decoding movingimage signals coded in block units, comprising:detection means forreceiving input data which includes at least motion vector data,inter-image processing data indicative of what inter-image processing isperformed, and image data which are time-division multiplexed andreceived by the detection means, said detecting means detecting transfercode errors for each of said inter-image processing data and said imagedata, and outputting the coded information for each data type havingsaid code errors; and processing means for performing motioncompensation and inter-image processing of said coded information usingonly frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.which do not include said transfercode error within a plurality of frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.which areto be used for prediction purposes, and without the use offrames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.which have said transfer code errors withinsaid plurality of frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend.which are to be used forprediction purposes, by selecting a method of inter-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.processing for motion compensation in accordance with saiddetected transfer code errors, wherein one .[.image screen.]..Iadd.frame/field .Iaddend.comprises a plurality of blocks, .[.eachblock comprises a plurality of frames,.]. and wherein motioncompensation and inter-image processing is performed .[.in each.]..Iadd.per .Iaddend.block.
 6. The decoding apparatus according to claim5, wherein said processing means uses only those frames.Iadd./fields.Iaddend.which do not have coding errors, to perform motion compensationof said coded information.
 7. The decoding apparatus according to claim5, wherein said detection means comprises an error detector whichdetects said transfer code errors included in coded information suppliedfrom a coding apparatus via a data input terminal.
 8. The decodingapparatus according to claim 5, wherein said processing meanscomprises:an adaptive predictor responsive to output of said detectionmeans for generating as output prediction signals from prediction modeinformation included in said coded information; and a variable adderresponsive to output of said detection means and said adaptive predictorfor adding decoded signals of said coded information and predictionsignals of said adaptive predictor.
 9. The decoding apparatus accordingto claim 5, and further comprising:a selector which separates DCT(discrete cosine transform) information, prediction mode information,first motion vector information and second motion vector informationmultiplexed in said coded information signals; first, second, third andfourth memories which respectively store said DCT information,prediction mode information, first motion vector information and secondmotion vector information separated by selector; and wherein saiddetecting means comprises: an error detector which detects transfer codeerrors in said coded information signals; an intra-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.decoder which decodes said DCT information stored in said firstmemory; a first frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory; a secondframe.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory; a first motion compensator which usessignals of the first frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory as the basis forperforming motion compensation for said first motion vector informationstored in said third memory; a second motion compensator which usessignals of the second frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory as the basis forperforming motion compensation for said second motion vector informationstored in said fourth memory; an adaptive predictor which uses first andsecond compensation signals output from said first and second motioncompensator, and output signals of said error detector as the basis forgenerating prediction signals from said prediction mode informationstored in said second memory; a variable adder which adds predictionsignals from said adaptive predictor, decoded signals from saidintra-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.decoder and output signals of saiderror detector; and changeover switch means for switching betweenoutputs of said variable adder and which is connected to said first andsecond frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.memory.
 10. The decoder apparatusaccording to claim 9, further provided with a matching decider whichjudges matching between decoded signals from saidintra-frame.Iadd./field .Iaddend.decoder and prediction signals fromsaid adaptive predictor and outputs to said variable adder.
 11. A codingapparatus for coding moving image signals into block units,comprising:image processing means for dividing one .[.screen.]..Iadd.frame/field .Iaddend.into a plurality of blocks, .[.each blockcomprising a plurality of frames,.]. and performing motion compensationimage processing between a plural number of frames.Iadd./fields.Iaddend..[.in each.]. .Iadd.per .Iaddend.block, and outputting primarymotion vector data which is used for a motion compensation, .[.in saidprimary motion vector data, in.]. inter-image processing data indicativeof what inter-image processing is performed, and .[.in.]. image data.Iadd.which is inter-image processed.Iaddend.; motion vector detectionmeans for detecting secondary motion vector data which is used inproviding error concealment in a decoding apparatus when code errorsoccur during a data transmission; and transfer means for multiplexingsaid primary motion vector data, said secondary motion vector data, saidinter-image processing data and said image data.
 12. A decodingapparatus for decoding moving image signals coded in block units,comprising:detection means for receiving input data including at leastprimary motion vector data which is used for motion compensation,inter-image processing data indicative of what inter-image processing isperformed, and image data .Iadd.which is inter-image processed.Iaddend.,and for detecting code errors included in said input data; receptionmeans for receiving secondary motion vector data which is used inproviding error concealment .[.in said decoding apparatus.]. only whencode errors occur during a data transmission; and image processing meansfor performing motion compensation and inter-image processing between aplurality of frames.Iadd./fields .Iaddend..[.that make up a block, andwherein.]. .Iadd.per block of .Iaddend.a plurality of blocks .[.make upan image screen.]. .Iadd.which constitutes one frame/field.Iaddend., themotion compensation and inter-image processing employing said primarymotion vector data only when there is no code error in said input data,and said image processing means performing motion compensation andinter-image processing using said secondary motion vector data when theinput data has code errors.
 13. A decoding apparatus for decoding movingimage signals coded in block units, comprising:detection means forreceiving input data which includes at least motion vector data,inter-image processing data, and image data and which is transferred bytime division multiplexing said input data such that said motion vectordata for a group of blocks are time multiplexed together in one timedivision, the inter-image processing data for said group of blocks istime multiplexed together in another time division, and said image datafor said group of blocks is time multiplexed to a further time division,said detecting means detecting transfer code errors for each of saidinter-image processing data and said image data, and outputting codedinformation signals for each type having said code errors: wherein saiddetection means comprises an error detector which detects transfer coderrors in said coded information signals; and intra-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.decoder which decodes a discrete cosine transform (DCT)information in a first memory; a predictor which uses first and secondcompensation signals output from a first and second motion compensators,respectively, and output signals of said error detector as the basis forgenerating prediction signals from prediction mode information stored ina second memory; and a variable adder which adds said prediction signalsfrom said predictor, decoded signals from said intra-frame.Iadd./field.Iaddend.decoder and output signals from said error detector.